What does "the position that the author tries to establish" refer to?

The phrase "the position that the author tries to establish" specifically refers to the main point or claim that the author is attempting to convey in their writing. This aligns with the concept of a conclusion, which is essentially the author's stance or viewpoint after presenting their arguments and supporting evidence. The conclusion synthesizes the evidence and reasoning laid out throughout the text to articulate a definitive position on the subject matter.

In essence, the conclusion serves as the culmination of the author's rationale, representing their ultimate assertion or perspective regarding the topic discussed. It encapsulates what the author wants the reader to understand or agree with after considering the presented information, making it the focal point of their argument.